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Practical Electronics from Scratch: The Visual Guide
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INSIDE THIS GUIDE
What you will learn.
- 01
Trace pneumatic and hydraulic schematics using component symbols, valve positions, and complete flow paths.
- 02
Compare air preparation equipment, actuators, pumps, and control valves through labeled diagrams and practical selection checks.
- 03
Use troubleshooting checklists for leaks, slow actuators, overheating, and unexpected movement, with clear energy isolation boundaries.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Everything inside, unit by unit.
7 units · 54 topics
Unit 1: Understand Fluid Power
- Compare Compressed Air and Hydraulic Oil
- Understand Pressure and Pressure Drop
- Follow Flow Through a System
- Connect Pressure, Piston Area, and Force
- Connect Flow, Cylinder Area, and Speed
- See How Energy Becomes Motion and Heat
- Start Reading ISO 1219 Symbols and Line Types
Unit 2: Control Hazardous Energy
- Find Stored Pressure and Other Energy Sources
- Understand OSHA Lockout/Tagout and Your Site Procedure
- Isolate Supplies and Release Trapped Pressure
- Support Loads Before You Work
- Recognize Accumulator Hazards and Service Boundaries
- Recognize Hose Whip and Fluid Injection Hazards
- Verify Isolation and Plan a Controlled Restart
Unit 3: Generate and Prepare Compressed Air
- Follow Air from the Compressor to the Machine
- Understand Compressor Operation and Duty Limits
- Identify Receiver Controls, Drains, and Protective Devices
- Remove Water with Aftercoolers, Separators, and Dryers
- Read Air Filter and Drain Arrangements
- Understand Regulators and Pressure Under Load
- Read an FRL Assembly and Check Lubrication Requirements
- Check Distribution Piping, Hoses, and Restrictions
Unit 4: Read and Control Pneumatic Circuits
- Compare Single-Acting and Double-Acting Cylinders
- Read Directional Valve Ports, Positions, and Actuators
- Trace Spring-Return, Detented, and Piloted Valve States
- Control Cylinder Speed with Check Valves and Flow Controls
- Follow Exhaust Through Mufflers and Quick Exhaust Valves
- Connect a Solenoid Signal to Valve Movement
- Trace Switches, Relay Contacts, and PLC Signals
- Read a Complete Electro-Pneumatic Cylinder Cycle
Unit 5: Understand Hydraulic Power and Components
- Follow Oil Through a Hydraulic Power Unit
- Compare Gear, Vane, and Piston Pumps
- Identify Reservoir, Breather, and Cooling Functions
- Check Fluid Type, Viscosity, and Compatibility
- Control Particles, Water, and Air in Hydraulic Fluid
- Read Filter Locations, Bypass Paths, and Indicators
- Compare Hydraulic Cylinders and Motors
- Match Hoses, Fittings, Seals, and Pressure Ratings
Unit 6: Read Hydraulic Controls and Schematics
- Trace Directional Valve Flow Paths and Center Conditions
- Understand Relief Valves and Pressure Limits
- Compare Pressure-Reducing and Relief Valves
- Compare Sequence and Unloading Functions
- Read Counterbalance and Pilot-Operated Check Circuits
- Compare Fixed and Pressure-Compensated Flow Controls
- Trace Meter-In, Meter-Out, and Bleed-Off Circuits
- Read Hydraulic Symbols, Pilot Lines, and Case Drains
- Trace a Hydraulic Cylinder Circuit Through Each Operating State
Unit 7: Troubleshoot and Maintain Fluid Power Systems
- Define the Symptom and Plan Authorized Measurements
- Separate External Leaks from Internal Bypass
- Troubleshoot a Slow or Weak Pneumatic Cylinder
- Troubleshoot a Slow or Weak Hydraulic Actuator
- Trace Overheating, Noise, and Foaming
- Respond to Drift, Unexpected Movement, and Failed Solenoid Commands
- Use a Maintenance Checklist and Record What Changed
Fluid Power Terms You Will Hear on the Job
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